Description:

Isidore-Stansilas Helman (1743-1806?), Two Engravings Commemorating Qianlong's Victory in Central Asia, Circa 1783-1788
乾隆时期 伊西多尔-斯坦尼斯拉斯·埃尔芒(1743–约1806年) 乾隆平定中亚凯旋纪念铜版画两幅 约1783–1788年

The first engraving after a drawing by Ignatius Sichelbarth, engraved by Helman, 1784 (Plate VIII); captioned "Fou-Té lieutenant of Tchao-Hoei/Zhaohui pursues Amour-Sana/Amursana and receives homage and tributes of Ta-Ouan or the Hasacks that the Russians call Kosaccia-Horda, and those of the Pourouths, the Tourgouths and some other Tartars, forming in all twenty hordes which until then had not depended in any way on the emperor. Amour-Sana/Amursana fled to the Russians, where he died shortly after of smallpox, which put an end to the misunderstanding that his retreat had given rise to between the two empires" (Fou-Té lieutenant de Tchao-Hoei poursuit Amour-Sana et reçoit les hommages et les tributs de Ta-Ouan ou des Hasacks que les Russes nomment Kosaccia-Horda, et ceux des Pourouths, des Tourgouths et de quelques autres Tartares, formant en tout vingt hordes qui jusqu'alors n'avaient en rien dépendu de l'empereur. Amour-Sana se sauva chez les Russes, il y mourut peu après de la petite vérole ce qui mit fin à la mésintelligence que sa retraite avait fait naître entre les deux empires)

The second engraving after a drawing by Jean Damescene, engraved by Helman, 1784 (Plate XI); captioned "Tchao-Hoei/Zhaohui occupies the troops with exercises and military games, before undertaking the expedition to Little Buckarie, at the end of the 1758 campaign" (Tchao-Hoei occupe les Troupes à des Exercices et à des Jeux Militaires, avant que d'entreprendre l'Expédition de la petite Buckarie, a la fin de la Campagne de 1758);
Both copper-plate engravings from the series of twenty engravings after Castiglione, Sichelbarth, Attiret and Damascene to commemorate Emperor Qianlong's Victory in Central Asia.

第一幅铜版画出自清宫画师石济各(Ignatius Sichelbarth)绘制的原稿,由伊西多尔·斯坦尼斯拉斯·埃尔芒(Isidore-Stanislas Helman)于1784年雕刻完成(第八图)。题注如下:
兆惠将军之副傅德追击阿睦尔撒纳,并接受来自塔瓦(Ta-Ouan,或哈萨克人——俄人称之为Kosaccia-Horda、普鲁特(Pourouths、土尔扈特(Tourgouths)及其他若干韃靼部族的朝贡与归顺,这些部族共二十部,在此前从未臣属于皇帝。阿睦尔撒纳逃往俄境,不久死于天花,其死亦终结了其逃亡所引发的中俄两国间的误会。

第二幅铜版画根据清宫画师唐玛(Jean Damascene)的原稿绘制,由埃尔芒于1784年雕刻完成(第十一图)。题注如下:
兆惠将军在1758年战役结束前,出征小布哈拉(Petite Buckarie)之前,令军中士兵进行操练与军中演武,以备战事。

这两幅铜版画皆选自一组共二十幅的系列作品,原画由郎世宁(Giuseppe Castiglione、石济各(Ignatius Sichelbarth、王致诚(Jean-Denis Attiret)与唐玛(Jean Damascene)等清宫传教士画师创作,用以纪念乾隆皇帝在中亚的军事胜利。该系列作品由清廷命令送往法国巴黎,交由著名雕刻师如柯尚(Charles-Nicolas Cochin)与埃尔芒等人制成铜版印刷,成为清帝国对外展示武功与皇权形象的重要视觉媒介。
each sheet approx. 10.2 x 16.1 in — 26 x 41 cm

Estimate: $800—1,200 CAD

  • Dimensions: each sheet approx. 10.2 x 16.1 in — 26 x 41 cm
  • Notes: Plate VIII depicts the first submission of Ili, 1755: in the centre, Qing cavalry parade past the defeated Turkic Muslims, aligned on either side, most kneeling and making offerings of livestock, implements and other goods, while a small group play music; further away, Qing and Turkic Muslims cross a stretch of water (the River Ili?) by boat or by swimming, many with livestock; in the distance, a town (possibly Kouldja) and mountainous scenery.

    Plate XI depicts a view of a Qing military encampment, circular, with tents and yurts; in the centre, under an an awning, a group of seated Qing figures; in front of it, to right, a Turkic Muslim figure is seated in front of a pile of offerings (?), while directly facing the Qing dignitaries is a group of kneeling Turkic Muslims, one holding up a head on a platter; on either side, under two awnings, spectators (Turkic Muslims to left and Qing to right) and Qing soldiers armed with swords surrounding them; while others put on a display of military prowess, some on horseback; mountainous scenery.

    第八图:伊犁初降(1755年)
    此图描绘清军骑兵队列在画面中央威严行进,两侧为土尔扈特穆斯林(回部)民众,多数呈下跪姿态,奉献牛羊、农具及其他贡品,一旁有人奏乐助兴。中景处,清军与当地民众一同涉水渡过一条大河(或为伊犁河),或乘船、或抱牲畜游渡。远景可见一座城镇(可能为库尔喀喇乌苏,即今伊宁市)及连绵山峦。

    第十一图:军营受降仪式图
    画面描绘清军环形营帐及毡房构成的军事营地,中央设有华盖,数位清廷将领端坐接见投降使节。正前方为一跪地土尔扈特穆斯林使者,手托盘盛人头一枚,以示降服;旁有大量贡品。两侧设遮阳蓬,左为土尔扈特贵族、右为清廷官员,四周由持刀清兵环绕。画面右前景可见骑兵演练、表演武艺,远方依旧为山岭起伏的西域风貌。

    Source: British Museum, accession number OA+,0.7423.8 and 1877,0714.1515.
    来源:英国大英博物馆,馆藏编号 OA+,0.7423.8 与 1877,0714.1515
    https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/A_OA-0-7423-8
    https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/P_1877-0714-1515

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